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More SEC Basketball

SEC BASKETBALL: EFFICIENCY

By Richard "The Professor" Cheeks

Basketball@RichardCheeks.com

January 12th

 

SEC Basketball: Offensive to Defensive Efficiency

 

Last week, I offered my analysis of the upcoming SEC basketball season.  Today, I begin introducing the reader to the methods of analysis that I use.  Obviously, teams do not play at the same level of efficiency on the offensive and defensive ends in every game.  Some days, a team will play with a higher than average offensive efficiency and below average defensive efficiency, and vice versa.  Other days, the same team will play with higher than average offensive and defensive efficiencies.  And yes, there will be days when the team plays with lower than average offensive and defensive efficiencies. 

 

Many fans observe these variations in the quality of their team’s play and conclude that the only thing wrong with their team is a lack of, or poor consistency.  However, such a lament is often invalid.  These fans tend to remember those games in which their team was at the top of their game, and lament when the team does not perform at that elevated level of efficiency every game.  These fans do not confront their team’s average game condition, or the statistical variations that occur around that average level of performance.

 

Offensive and Defensive Efficiencies

 

The offensive efficiency is the average number of points scored per possession and the defensive efficiency is the number of points allowed per possession.  The net game efficiency is the offensive efficiency minus the defensive efficiency, and the Net Game Efficiency correlates directly to the average margin of victory [when positive] or loss [when negative]. 

 

The offensive and defensive efficiencies are in fact independent parameters.  Each season, some teams have good offensive efficiencies but poor defensive efficiencies.  Other teams post poor offensive values and good defensive.  A few teams are poor in both respects and a few are strong in both areas. 

 

Both values reflect the team's overall and individual talent levels; however, the offensive and defensive abilities are functions of different elements and aspects of that talent pool. 

 

Offensive performance is efficiency based.  As such, offensive efficiency is a function of an individual player's athletic skills including eye-hand coordination, strength, and jumping ability.  I prefer to think about offense as most effective when the output is a product of teamwork.  However, many outstanding offensive players seem to display a healthy dose of a “Me-Focused” temperament.  The great University of Michigan teams led by Cazzie Russell in the mid-sixties prove the point.  (FN1)  Pistol Pete Maravich, clearly the most prolific offensive player in the history of the NCAA, was totally “Me-focused” during his time at LSU.

 

On the other hand, defensive performance is effectiveness based.  Defensive effectiveness is a function an individual player's athletic skills including quickness and agility.  Defense depends more on teamwork than offensive efficiency because of the reactive nature of defensive work.  The best defensive teams demonstrate healthy “We-Focused” temperaments.

 

Power Ratings

 

The most powerful basketball teams are those that are both highly efficient on offense and highly effective on defense. Similarly, weak teams have low offensive efficiency and little defensive effectiveness. Therefore, the ratio of a team's offensive efficiency to the team's defensive effectiveness provides an objective measure of a team's power. The table below illustrates how high, average and low offensive and defensive abilities translate into power.

 

TABLE I

Power Rating

 

Offensive Efficiency

Defensive

Efficiency

0.75

Weak

0.85

Average

0.95

Strong

0.75 Strong

100%

113%

127%

0.85 Average

88%

100%

112%

0.95 Weak

79%

89%

100%

 

As this Table illustrates, the most powerful teams are those that solve the human conflict between the essential total teamwork commitment required for sustained defensive effectiveness, and the natural “Me-Focused” temperament to sustain offensive efficiency.  Each year, a few teams master both and become great college basketball teams.  The good teams each year are those that are average to strong in both areas, but not strong in both.  All other teams have average or lower offensive and defensive ability.

 

Kentucky teams have produced the following power ratings for their entire seasons:

 

TABLE II

Kentucky Power Ratings in Recent Years

 

 

Power

 

 

Season

Rating

Wins

Loses

2005 Season Stats

125.4%

10

2

2004 Season Stats

113.7%

27

5

2003 Season Stats

117.8%

32

4

2002 Season Stats

109.7%

22

10

2001 Season Stats

114.5%

24

10

2000 Season Stats

107.6%

23

10

1999 Season Stats

119.4%

28

9

1998 Season Stats

118.2%

35

4

1997 Season Stats

128.1%

35

5

1996 Season Stats

127.1%

34

2

1995 Season Stats

122.8%

28

5

1994 Season Stats

117.4%

27

7

1993 Season Stats

120.9%

30

4

1992 Season Stats

115.9%

29

7

1991 Season Stats

109.1%

22

6

1990 Season Stats

102.7%

14

14

1989 Season Stats

97.2%

13

19

1988 Season Stats

113.4%

27

6

1987 Season Stats

101.9%

18

11

1986 Season Stats

116.7%

32

4

1985 Season Stats

99.9%

18

13

1984 Season Stats

120.0%

29

5

1983 Season Stats

119.4%

23

8

1982 Season Stats

104.4%

22

8

1981 Season Stats

103.8%

22

6

1980 Season Stats

113.0%

29

6

1979 Season Stats

106.8%

19

12

1978 Season Stats

118.3%

30

2

1977 Season Stats

116.3%

26

4

1976 Season Stats

101.5%

20

10

1975 Season Stats

113.6%

26

5

1974 Season Stats

98.0%

13

13

1973 Season Stats

109.6%

20

8

1972 Season Stats

112.2%

21

7

 

 

 

 

Average

112.8%

24.8

7.5

Maximums

128.1%

35.0

19.0

Minimums

97.2%

13.0

2.0

Standard Deviations

8.31%

6.0

3.8

 

The most powerful Kentucky teams since 1972 are 1983 (119.4%), 1984 (120.0%), 1993 (120.9%), 1995 (122.8%), 1996 (128.1%), 1999 (119.4%), and about 1/3 of the way, 2005 (125.4%).  The least powerful Kentucky teams during that same period, are 1974 (98%), 1976 (101.5%), 1985 (99.9%), 1987 (101.9%), and 1989 (97.2%).

 

To estimate your team’s power rating, divide the points scored by the points allowed, and express it as a percentage.

 

Strength of Schedule

 

The strength of schedule appears to provide a significant factor to a team's power rating.  To compare power ratings, team to team, one must factor the schedule strength.  The above power ratings are raw data that do not reflect strength of schedule variations.  I am currently evaluating alternative SOS relationships, and I am applying a SOS factor in my game handicapping.  At the end of this season, I will write more completely about the SOS factor because these analyses appear sensitive to this factor. 

 

The Kentucky-Kansas game played on January 9, 2005 illustrates how Strength of Schedule affects this analysis.  Prior to the game, Kentucky has a 10-1 record, and has achieved a pre-game power rating for the season of 126%.  Kansas was 10-0 with an average power rating of 127%.  Kansas had not left their home court all season, and Kentucky’s only loss was to UNC in Chapel Hill.  On the basis of these factors, many folks concluded that Kentucky should defeat Kansas, especially since Kansas would play without their All-America front court player, Simion, and the game was at Rupp.  The pre-game line reflected this thinking, Kentucky by 6 points.

 

However, Kansas had played a significantly tougher schedule in establishing its power.  The RPI SOS factors prior to the game were 0.5240 and 0.6819 for Kentucky and Kansas respectively.  Based on this SOS difference, I predicted an eight point Kansas victory.  The final margin was 6 points. 

 

Epilogue On SEC Predictions

 

Last week on these pages, you read my predictions for the 2005 SEC Basketball season, which is now underway.  Many of you wrote to share your thoughts about this analysis.  I read them all, and I appreciate your thoughts, your alternative views, and your constructive criticism.  As I explained in that article, I understand that my prediction with respect to certain teams, particularly Mississippi State is at odds with conventional wisdom.  However, just as the SOS factor affected the analysis of the Kentucky-Kansas match-up, the SOS factor affected my analysis of the SEC match-ups.   Yes, Mississippi State has posted an impressive 13-1 record.  However, as with Kentucky, Mississippi State’s schedule strength is lower than the average for SEC teams.  Furthermove, Mississippi State’s Net Game Efficiency against the weak Pre-SEC Schedule is below average. 

 

I appreciate that each person has opinions about these matters.  I don’t expect to correctly predict the winner in all 96 of the SEC games this season.  However, after one week of SEC play this year, I have correctly predicted the winner in all 10 contests.  This analysis is completely objective, driven by each team’s offensive and defensive efficiencies to date, and its strength of schedule.  I encourage you to visit the following URL to examine all 96 predictions and the game results to date:

 

http://RichardCheeks.com/UK Sports/Explanations/22 SEC Predictions-x.htm

 

Keep those emails coming!

 


Footnotes

 

FN1. Cazzie Russell led the University of Michigan to college basketball's promised land in 1965 and 1966. In 1966, Michigan lost to UCLA in the championship game. In 1966, Michigan lost in the Mid-East Regional final to Kentucky 's Rupp's Runts team. Many times during those two seasons, Michigan either trailed or held a slim lead with 10 miinutes remaining in the game. For the first 30 minutes, Cazzie shared theball with his teammates; however, the last 10 minutes are for Cazzie, and he would simply step up, take over the game on offense, and lead Michigan to one of their frequent victories.

 

FN2. In 2003, Kentucky started its season with a loss in one of its pre-season exhibition games, and after nine regular season games, Kentucky stood at 6 – 3 after its 18 point defeat to Louisville . Subsequent to the Louisville game, Kentucky began a winning streak that stood at 23 when the NCAA tournament began, including undefeated in the SEC regular season and tournament, a first in 51 years, and not even the great 1996 National Championship Kentucky team can boast this accomplishment to its long list of credits. Since the Louisville loss, Kentucky 's power rating has been 1.25. Kentucky found its defensive commitment at half time of its game against Vanderbilt in Nashville . After trailing by as much as 14 points in the first half, and by 8 points [28 – 36] at half time, Kentucky held Vanderbilt to only 16 points in the second half and won easily by 22 points. Since this Vanderbilt game, Kentucky has posted a power rating of 1.26. Through five post season games in 2003, Kentucky has an average power rating of 1.35.

 

FN3. Kentucky was able to win two games with game power ratings below 1.00 on the strength of superior ofensive rebounding which provided bonus possessions, 3 in the Florida game and 7 in the AIA game.

 

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